Authorship Challenges in AI-Generated Works

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The emergence of generative artificial intelligence has intensified debates concerning authorship, originality, and ownership within intellectual property law. Existing copyright frameworks were developed upon assumptions of human creativity and intellectual labour, yet AI systems increasingly generate content with minimal human intervention. This article examines the principal authorship challenges posed by AI-generated works through a comparative analysis of the legal approaches adopted in the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and China. It analyses the extent to which contemporary copyright law accommodates AI-assisted and autonomous outputs while remaining grounded in the traditional requirement of human authorship. The article further evaluates human-centric, hybrid, and corporate ownership models in order to determine which framework most effectively balances innovation, transparency, and doctrinal consistency. It argues that a hybrid human-centric framework, in which human users retain authorship while AI involvement is transparently disclosed, offers the most sustainable and normatively justifiable approach for the foreseeable future.